Pengembangan Pariwisata Inklusif di Pantai Cemara Kabupaten Bireuen

Abstract

This study examines the development of inclusive tourism at Cemara Beach in Bireuen Regency, with the objective of describing its progress and analyzing the obstacles encountered in its implementation. The research highlights that the development of Cemara Beach has yet to produce significant economic improvement for the local community, as economic benefits remain concentrated among stallholders and parking attendants. Additionally, environmental pollution persists due to the lack of adequate waste disposal facilities, leading visitors to discard garbage among the rocks. The study employs Miller & Katz’s Inclusivity Theory, which addresses economic, environmental, and social dimensions. Data were collected through non-participant observation, where researchers observed activities without direct involvement. The findings reveal that the economic benefits of tourism development at Cemara Beach have not been widely distributed among the local population, aside from traders and parking attendants. Furthermore, from both environmental and social perspectives, Cemara Beach has not yet achieved the standards of inclusive tourism, as pollution from waste accumulation, such as diapers and plastic bottles, remains prevalent. Obstacles to the development of inclusive tourism include inadequate facilities and infrastructure—such as the absence of signage and narrow roads during market days—as well as parking fees that no longer contribute to increasing local village revenue.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini mengkaji pengembangan pariwisata inklusif di Pantai Cemara, Kabupaten Bireuen, dengan tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses pengembangannya serta menganalisis hambatan-hambatan yang dihadapi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan Pantai Cemara belum memberikan peningkatan ekonomi yang signifikan bagi masyarakat sekitar, karena manfaat ekonomi masih terfokus pada pedagang yang memperoleh lapak berjualan dan juru parkir. Selain itu, pencemaran lingkungan masih terjadi akibat minimnya fasilitas pembuangan sampah, sehingga sebagian pengunjung membuang sampah di celah-celah batu. Penelitian ini menggunakan Teori Inklusivitas Miller & Katz yang mencakup aspek ekonomi, lingkungan, dan sosial. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi non-partisipatif, di mana peneliti hanya mengamati tanpa terlibat langsung dalam aktivitas yang diamati. Temuan penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa manfaat ekonomi dari pengembangan pariwisata di Pantai Cemara belum dirasakan secara merata oleh seluruh masyarakat lokal kecuali pedagang dan juru parkir. Dari aspek lingkungan dan sosial, Pantai Cemara juga belum memenuhi kriteria pariwisata inklusif karena masih ditemukan penumpukan sampah seperti popok bekas dan botol plastik di area wisata dan tambak warga. Hambatan utama dalam pengembangan pariwisata inklusif di Pantai Cemara meliputi fasilitas dan infrastruktur yang belum memadai, seperti kurangnya papan petunjuk serta jalan yang sempit pada hari-hari tertentu, serta retribusi parkir yang tidak lagi berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Gampong.